Greek Unity Essay Example Essay Example

Greek Unity Essay Example Paper Greek Unity Essay Introduction There is much treatment over whether it was Grecian integrity that caused the triumph against the Persians in the old ages 490BC-479BC. The three chief points of position on the affair is that they were non united at all. which can be seen from the histories of Herodotus. that they were united. which can be seen in the Themistocles Decree and that it was Themistocles himself that made them unified. It is on the research of Herodotus that we rely most to a great extent on for our information of the Persian War period. He is frequently criticised for his inaccuracy. prejudice and failure to measure events decently. Unfortunately there is no other major antediluvian beginning against which bookmans can look into his facts. Plutarch writes about him with â€Å"blasphemy and slander prevarication beneath his smooth. delicate surface and we must mind of unconsciously accepting his false and absurd thoughts about the greats noblest metropoliss and work forces of Greece. â€Å" He is by an d large dependable when it comes to the chief events. even though he is prone to overstate the size of the Iranian ground forcess brought against Greece. He is non. nevertheless. as utile when it comes to analysis. peculiarly his opinions about causes for events or tactics in conflicts. He openly declares his esteem for Athens and his histories are mostly written from the Athenian point of position. However. it must be remembered that he received his information at a clip when Athens and Sparta were hostile to one another. after 464. This could be a conducive factor as to why he writes as if there wasn’t integrity between the Greeks. Greek Unity Essay Body Paragraphs Herodotus dismisses the thought that the Greeks were of all time unified. In his Hagiographas he gives eternal illustrations of how the Greeks fought with each other invariably. He describes graft. perfidy and blackmail amongst the Grecian cantonments. One of these descriptions is that of Ephilates who showed the Persians the secret base on balls to the Spartans in the conflict of Thermopylae. He believed that if the Greeks were really unified. it was inadvertent and ne’er planned. Some modern historiographers tend to hold with this sentiment. In the conflict of Marathon. a Iranian armada of 600 ships embarked on an invasion force of about 20. 000 foot and horse on Grecian dirt merely north of Athens. Their mission was to oppress the Grecian provinces in revenge for their support of their Ionian cousins who had revolted against Iranian regulation. Athens mobilized 10. 000 hoplite warriors to support their districts. The two ground forcess met on the Plain of Marathon which was ideal for Iranian horse. The Athenians asked the Spartans for assistance in the conflict but harmonizing to Herodotus. the Spartans were unable to come directly off as they had their spiritual festival on at the clip ; â€Å"And the Spartans wished to assist the Athenians. but were unable to give them any present relief. as they did non like to interrupt their established jurisprudence. † They did state that they would come every bit shortly as it was over every bit rapidly as they could which shows the integrity at the clip between Athens and Sparta. the two chief forces at the clip. When Athens was in demand. Sparta would come to assist. Herodotus states â€Å"After the full of the Moon. two thousand Lacedaemonians came to Athens. So eager had they been to get in clip that they took but three yearss to make Attica from Sparta. â€Å" But it wasn’t integrity that helped the Greeks win this conflict. they were at a little advantage as they had cognition of their lan d unlike the Persians who had no apprehension of the Grecian geographics as it was really different to their ain. The Greek knew the Plain of Marathon good and could utilize the rugged land and the mountains environing the field to their advantage. The Athenians kept in the high land whereas the Persians stationed themselves on the field. Another thing that helped the Greeks win was the absence of the Persian horse when the Athenians decided to assail. The horse was one of the elect units of the Iranian ground forces and. if it were present at the conflict. would most likely have caused the Persians to win. There are two theories as to why the horse weren’t at that place. The first being that the Persians had ordered the horse back onto the Iranian ships. possibly to sail around the Grecian ground forces and assail them from behind. The 2nd being that the Equus caballuss were off eating grass and the Persians couldn’t acquire them to the conflict in clip. Harmonizing t o Bury. the Spartans didn’t truly desire to travel to Thermopylae which suggests that the Greeks weren’t unified. This is presuming that the end of this conflict was to win and non a keeping program. Bury states that the Spartans â€Å"attempted to cover his [ Leonidas ] selfish and short-sighted policy by the supplication that they were hindered from processing Forth in full force by the jubilation of the Carnean festival† proposing that the Spartans did non desire to direct a full ground forces to assist the Athenians. But harmonizing to most historiographers. the purpose at Thermopylae was to keep the Iranian ground forces back while the Greece forces ready themselves at the Isthmus. Buckley states â€Å"The Iranian ground forces could non be defeated in such a place. but it’s progress could be held up indefinately. † This shows that the Greeks had a program and cognize precisely what they were making. Leonidas’ determination to remain an d decease with the 300 Spartans is said to hold been in the vain hope that the Persian force that had travelled down the way might itself be trapped between the 300 Spartans and the chief Greek force South of Thermopylae. This shows integrity between the Greek provinces against Persia regulation. Herodotus suggested that it was because of the prognostication that Sparta would be plundered unless a Spartan male monarch died. While the events at Thermopylae were blossoming. a limited and indecisive naval battle took topographic point at Artemisium. If either side gained an advantage in this conflict. modern historiographers would state that it was likely the Persians. Nevertheless. a storm blew up and inflicted harm on both fleets. In this case. the Persians became the also-rans. This conflict lessened the Persian fleet which subsequently proved as an advantage to the Greeks in the conflict of Salamis. During this conflict the Athenians gave up their leading place as they knew that th ey would hold better opportunities if person else was to take. This scheme used besides shows integrity between the Greeks. Herodotus states that â€Å"The Athenians waived their claim in the involvement of national endurance. cognizing that a wrangle about the bid would surely intend the devastation of Greece. â€Å" The Themistocles Decree shows a planned lineation of the Athenian emptying proposing that it was the program the whole clip and that the conflicts of Thermopylae and Artemisium were to keep the Persians back. This besides suggests integrity between the Greeks as they follow the program Troezen letterings say before Thermopylae. The decree provinces that â€Å"Who live in Athens shall put [ their kids and adult females ] on Troezen – the Founder of the land. [ The aged and ( movable ) ] belongings shall ( for safety ) be deposited at Salamis. [ the Treasurers and ] the Priestesss are [ to stay ] on the Acropolis [ and guard the ownerships of the ] Gods. The re mainder of Athenians in their entireness and those foreigners who have reached immature manhood shall ship [ on the readied ] two hundred stores and they shall repel the [ Barbarian for the interest of ] autonomy. † If this edict was in fact sound. it shows that the Greeks were intentionally unified. Besides. the Hellenic League is recorded to hold held many conferences at Corinth to discourse their schemes against the Persians. This indicates that the Greeks were organized and prepared to work together to destruct the Persians. Themistocles is said to be one of the most superb and advanced leaders of Athens. Thucydides describes him as â€Å"a adult male who showed an unmistakable natural mastermind ; in this regard he was rather exceeding. and beyond all others deserves our esteem. † He believed that when the Persians came in greater force the lone manner that they would cut off their supply lines was by get the better ofing them at sea. He besides knew that Athens fu ture ballad with the sea. Herodotus and Aeschylus present Themistocles as the superb leader who fooled the hapless Xerxes into contending in the narrow Waterss of the passs of Salamis. He seemingly sent a courier sitting as treasonist to Xerxes to state him that the Greek fleet was about to withdraw and that unless he acted. they would acquire off. Themistocles convinced the Greeks that contending in the narrows would favor the smaller and heavier Greek fleet as combat in the Isthmus would favor the greater figure of Persians. He besides convinced them that a licking for the Persians at Salamis would halt the ground forces progressing to the Isthmus. By making this. he helped the Greeks greatly and harmonizing to Thucydides. saved the Peloponnese. Some historiographers say that the controversy that took topographic point between the different Greek leaders which shows disunity was really planned. They say that the statements were staged because of Iranian undercover agents who were listening in. The undercover agents would so travel back to Xerxes and state him that the Greeks had no opportunity of winning against the Persians as all they did was fight with each other. Hammond provinces that â€Å"the conflict of Plataea was the finest accomplishments of Grecian integrity. † Approximately 23 provinces had taken an curse of chumminess to contend together until the Iranian encroachers were destroyed. and for around three hebdomads over 100. 000 Greeks had faced utmost troubles. They had resisted the onslaughts of the Persians and their Alliess. There were menaces to integrity during those hebdomads. but it was a national confederation. nevertheless short lived. The Serpentine Column. now located in Turkey. is archeological grounds that suggests that the Greeks were unified. The column shows all the Grecian cit-states that were in the Hellenic conference and helped contend against the Persians. The list goes from most of import to least of import. Although it is difficult to state whether the Greeks were unified or non. it is clear that when the crunch clip came. they all pulled together and succeeded in get the better ofing the Persians. As Thucydides says. â€Å"It was by common attempt that the foreign was repelled. â€Å" We will write a custom essay sample on Greek Unity Essay Example specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Greek Unity Essay Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Greek Unity Essay Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer

Find MBA Case Studies From Top Business Schools

Find MBA Case Studies From Top Business Schools Many business schools use the case method to teach MBA students how to analyze business problems and develop solutions from a leadership perspective. The case method involves presenting students with case studies, also known as cases, that document a  real-life business situation or imagined business scenario. Cases typically present a problem, issue, or challenge that must be addressed or solved for a business to prosper. For example, a case might present a problem like: ABC Company needs to increase sales substantially over the next several years to attract potential buyers.U-Rent-Stuff wants to expand but is not sure whether they want to own the locations or franchise them.Ralphies BBQ, a two-person company that makes spices for BBQ products, needs to figure out how to increase production from 1,000 bottles a month to 10,000 bottles a month. As a business student. you are asked to read the case, analyze the problems that are presented, evaluate underlying issues, and present solutions that address the problem that was presented. Your analysis should include a realistic solution as well as an explanation as to why this solution is the best fit for the problem and the organizations goal. Your reasoning should be supported with evidence that has been gathered through outside research.  Finally, your analysis should include  specific strategies for accomplishing the solution you have proposed.   Where to Find MBA Case Studies The following business schools publish either abstracts or full MBA case studies online. Some of these case studies are free. Others can be downloaded and purchased for a small fee.   Harvard Business School Cases - Harvard offers thousands of case studies on every business topic imaginable.Darden Business Case Studies - Thousands of MBA case studies from the Darden Graduate School of Business Administration at the University of Virginia.Stanford Case Studies - A searchable database of MBA case studies from Stanfords Graduate School of Business.Babson College Case Studies - A large collection of business case studies from the Babson faculty.IMD Case Studies - 50 years of case studies from the IMD faculty and research staff. Using Case Studies Familiarizing yourself with  case studies  is a good way to prepare for business school. This will help you familiarize yourself with various components of a case study and allow you to practice putting yourself in the role of a business owner or manager. As you are reading through cases, you should learn how to identify relevant facts and key problems. Be sure to take notes so that you have a list of items and potential solutions that can be researched when you are done reading the case. As you are developing your solutions, make a list of pros and cons for each solution, and above all, make sure the solutions are realistic.

The Great Depression shaped economic theory, social life, and peoples Essay

The Great Depression shaped economic theory, social life, and peoples views of a market economy in general - Essay Example economy or had trades with them (us.history.com). This soon spread to almost every nation in the world. The Great Depression dealt one of the heaviest impacts in the economic stability of the United States. Unemployment rate and taxes went up while income, output and prices had dropped. Unemployment in the U.S. rose from 8 million to 15 million while the Gross National Product (which measures the output generated by a country’s enterprise) decreased from $103.8 billion to $55.7 billion. Farmers have had their struggles, since during that time a draught hit the Great Plains which also caused severe dust storm–this was known as the Dust Bowl or Dirty Thirties. When the stock market crashed, over $40 billion worth of investment was lost (us.history.com). Some banks which invested in the stock market were forced to close. Consequently, many people started withdrawing their savings causing more banks to close down. This eventually made over 5000 banks to fail. Without money to spend, more than 32,000 businesses went bankrupt. Due to the unemployment, crime rate and prostitution incidence went up. Many people became hopeless and depress contributing to the rise of suicidal rates and alcoholism. Mass migration took place almost everywhere. Farmers whose farms were ruined by Dust Bowl migrated to other states hoping to find work there (history1900’s.about.com). Herbert Hoover, who was president at that time, based most of his responses to the Great Depression in his firm belief of volunteerism. He declined direct federal relief payments as he believed it would lose the enticement of working. Hoover has had urged banks to form a consortium known as the National Credit Corporation. These banks are pressed to provide loans to small banks to prevent them from collapsing. He approved the Federal Home Loan Bank Act to spur new home construction and to reduce foreclosures in response to the numerous Hoovervilles (also known as shanty towns or tent cities)

Safety Culture Evaluation Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Safety Culture Evaluation - Case Study Example The safety programs are well intent on establishing provisions that ensure the well-being of the company employees. A company that uses this factor is Statistical Analysis Software (SAS). Based on a recent survey, the institution is considered to be the best company to work for (Gustin, 2008). This is attributed to the medical cover that they provide for employees, as well as their children. There is a medical facility in the company premises, which is free of charge for the employees. This safety measure is fundamental, as employees be treated as soon as possible and get back to work. The safety measure is an efficient measure of ensuring the efficiency of the company. It serves that the employees are well assured in terms of safety measures, and if they may have a problem, they can seek medical attention immediately. This reduces the element of wasting valuable working time seeking solutions to a medical problem. These factors prove to improve the efficiency of the company. The establishment of a health facility increases the employee output, as they are motivated to work knowing that they have a medical facility that can ensure that their health is not in danger. Such programs are not common in manufacturing companies, as they are deemed expensive, which may reduce the level of profits that a company will generate. This is because the establishment of a medical facility is a production cost, affecting the level of revenue generated. It is a contributing factor as to why a number of firms, have not invested in a medical facility that can increase the safety measures. Since all firms aim to reduce the cost of operation, several companies will deem a medical facility as a high cost that is not a worthwhile investment. However, it increases the probability of health hazards in the workplace. There are some safety measures, which are established but do not work or do not serve their purpose. An example of such is the fire extinguishers. There

Job application Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Job application - Essay Example My leadership qualities have always made me succeed in all projects that I have taken so far, and I am proud to say that I can be an effective worker for your teams on the basis of my personal capabilities. The chief personal quality that I possess is that I can effectively communicate with the customers, due to which they rely on me, and come back to the company again and again. For me, efficient business communication is the key to organizational success. The second quality that I possess is that, I like working in teams, and do not feel uncomfortable working with my partners. I believe that a good team worker should be compromising and helpful toward other team members. My third quality, which is very important in professional field, is that I am very proficient in computer usage, especially in MS Word, Excel, and PowerPoint. Hence, relying on my personal and professional capabilities, I believe that I am best suited for this

Qualities of a Good Parent

Qualities of a Good Parent What does it take to be a good parent? Being a parent is one of the most fulfilling experiences a person can have. There is a natural instinct that seems to come to a new parent, but there are bits of advice that can help when you are challenged in the growing up years. The most important thing however, that any parent can give their child, is a sense of being loved. A gentle cuddle, a little encouragement, appreciation, approval or even a smile can go a long way to boost the confidence and well-being of your children. Respect their privacy as you would want them to respect yours; for example, if you teach your child that your room is out of boundaries to them, respect the same with their room. Allow them to feel that once they enter their room they can know that no one will look through their drawers, or read their diary. Dont argue with your spouse in front of the children. If they are sleeping, argue quietly. Modern divorce rates have children feeling insecure and fearful when they hear parents bickering. In addition, children will learn to argue with each other the same way they hear their parents argue with each other. Show them that when people disagree, they can discuss their differences peacefully Give up your vices: gambling, alcohol and drugs can jeopardize your childs financial security. Smoking almost always introduces health hazards to your childs environment. Second-hand smoke has been linked to several respiratory ailments in children. It could also contribute to the early death of a parent. Alcohol and drugs might also introduce health hazards or violence to your childs environment. With a little patience and self-motivation you can be a great parent. Another quality making a good parent is being able to provide for the family with safety. This encompasses physical safety of the shelter, the financial safety of being able to meet the family’s financial needs and other forms of psychological safety. Most families in the global sense demand high degree of security and safety due to the uncertainties in the world. Financial security to prepare the family members for their future especially for the kids education is a crucial role that is a compliment for every parent. Another quality of a good parent is being able to listen to the voice of the family members and reacting effectively to their demands. Considering that nobody is perfect, when parents makes mistakes, they need to accept and correct their mistakes on good time and in good faith for the better of the family and society at large. Through this, a parent will be able to be a role model to the family. Though each social cultural setting has what the qualities of a good parent, a parent needs to realize that there is no parent who can be exclusively perfect. This therefore calls for parents to change some approaches while providing the best for the family. In every society, this list is endless; however, love, security and safety are among the best amenities that a good parent must provide for the family. By provision of these needs to the family members, a parent will be respected by the family members and the society while the parent will be able to control the whole family. The 9/11 Attacks:  My Splendor I awoke the morning of September 11th like any other day. Comfortably lying in my bed, warm and snug. I was dreaming and at total peace, oblivious to the world around me. Suddenly, I sprang up to the blaring sound of my pulsating alarm clock. The sun was up and shining into my bed room window. I got up, looked around, and observed the horizon with a disgruntled look on my face; admiring its beauty. I did not know it that chilly morning, when I turned my Tv to watch my favorite show Despierta America (Wake Up America) in English. And an a second all my splendor went down, it changed my perception about fear, my awareness about the national issues, and my view on the preciousness of life. The first, resolution the President George W. Bush made; was to respond to the attacks by sending troops to Irak and Afghanistan. A war was the decision that the President took as a defense to our nation. Was a fatal decision after we were suffering the loss of many innocent friends and families. And another hand a war it is always an extreme cost to the taxpayers. Are billions and billions of dollars which people is always going to opposed to this horrible decision. The second, effect of 9/11 attacks the government added new laws. All airports security around the nation are tighter then before. As well as governments buildings and colleges, also immigration laws had changed more then it was. A lot of us feel uncomfortable to travel because, they have to check from your luggage till your whole body and that is very uncomfortable. And sometimes I asked myself: Are we secure enough? The last of this fatal event leads to a down economy, that affects every one of us. Since those horrible attacks of 9/11, United States of America lost a lot of money and is an extreme debt. After that the prices of everything went higher, many people lost their jobs as a result of the economy, because of this many businesses are closing out and what is worst is the people who are losing their houses. In conclusion, the impact of 9/11 changed the United States of America in number of ways. Despite the horrific act of the 9/11 attacks, overall the United States has proven to be quite resilient as it has in the past in the wake of crises. Will the attacks happen again? if so where? Do you feel more secure? Is the nation safer today then September 11, 2011? 4. Qualities of a Good Parent Parenting can be joyous, but it can be challenging also. Many have the privilege of being parents and some Godparents. That is my situation. I cannot have children of my own but I have a Goddaughter, and if she had anything to say about me, she would say that I am a good Godparent. First, she would say â€Å"ma† (that is what Jasmine calls me) is a very good Godmother. She steps in just like a mother. I can remember one time we were having a very interesting conversation on boys and ma said, that you have to be careful with boys these days Jasmine, they out for one thing only child, and that’s sex! I gave her situations about my own life that she could relate to, now that she is in high school, she tells me, that she remembers the conversation on boys and that keeps her from having pre-marital sex. Second, she would tell people about my nieces and nephews, which I spend time with every chance I get. I also let them know in order to be something in life you have to make sacrifices. Never allow anyone to say you cannot accomplish things. Spending time with them is like a having children of my own. I discipline them also. You cannot be a good parent without some form of discipline. The bible say, â€Å"You spare the rod, you will spoil the child†. I believe that saying, not that you beat your children, but give some form of punishment; like timeout, taking their games, chores, and no TV. In order to show them that what they did was wrong. Some people however, do use physical punishment. Sometimes I wonder, is that good for the parent to give them whooping’s. My parent has only whooped us when we did very bad things, and all of us grew up to be good children. Third, Jasmine would tell others that I have a sense of humor underneath all that toughness. I love joking around with them and going on what we call adventure’s with â€Å"ma†. You never know where you will end up at on one of these trips, but you had better believe you would learn something from them. I remember taking them to the west side of Montgomery one time and they were so scared. This was to teach them to appreciate where you leave and what happens when you settle for less in life. Fourth, she would say that I am a good support person. She is at every game screaming out our name or giving shout out on Facebook to her Goddaughter, nieces, and nephews. She is there when we have fundraisers, needs a chaperone for a field trip, and however she can help, ma is there. You can say I have what it takes to be a good parent just ask my Goddaughter, nieces, or nephews. They all would agree. Just because you do not have children of your own you can no whether or not you will be a good parent. Parenting is something that you love being, and I love being a God mom and auntie, it is just like being a parent. Word Count: 543 Being Good Parents Being a good parent starts with having both a mother and a father; it takes two parents to have a child, so it takes two parents to raise a child. Being a good parent is to always love your kids unconditionally. Understanding your child is very helpful in being a good parent as well. Two parent households that have total involvement in a childs life, is the key to becoming a good parent. The start of good parenting begins with having both mother and father in the household. Raising a child is hard work, it’s even harder if you don’t have consistent help. Moms and dad raising children together make this job a little easier. There is always someone with the child, who is familiar with the child and has a familial bond with the child as well. A child having both parents in the household give the child structure and stability. Kids function well when they have a consistent place to stay, have one set of rules and understand that their parents love and support them. Part of being a good parent is to love your kids unconditionally. To love someone unconditionally is to love them regardless of what they do. Most kids do and say things that can break a parents heart. Whether it be lying, stealing or misbehaving in school, children can (and will) do many things to make parents not like them at the moment. Good parenting involves letting a child know that they are displeased with their actions, but still showing them love throughout the disciplinary process. Having both parents, disciplining, while showing their kids compassion is an essential part of being a good parent. Understanding your child can be a great help to good parenting. Knowing your child’s strengths and weaknesses will make parenting easier, through setting realistic goals for your children. If you as a parent have a quick temper and you see that your child displays the same characteristics, you can explain and teach them self control. If you know your child doesn’t like to be around crowds, then you can better help them by not going to the circus. Understanding who they are, a parent can put their children in better situations, so they can flourish into great adults. Oftentimes, parents who focus on a child’s strengths and helps them where they are weak, produce children parents are proud of. Being a good parent isn’t something that just happens. It takes work and dedication, trial and error. Good parents make mistakes and fall short of the mark as well. Good parents understand they need both parents there to effectively love and understand their children. Being totally involved in your child’s life is the sign of good parenting and good parent. What it takes to be a good parent? Someone once told me that it takes a village to raise a child. After having four of my own children I have found this statement to be very true. Raising a child is without a doubt one of the most difficult jobs that a person can be responsible for. While there are many components that make up a good parent I believe love, patience, and stability are the most important. Love is a symbol of a bond between a parent and child that forms when the baby is an embryo. It is an emotion that shows true affection for one another. Children are very alert in their young ages and can pick up on signals well. A child can sense when they are loved and also when they are being neglected. Love could possibly determine the path children will take. A child who is praised and comforted can cause them to excel in school because of the support system they have at home. On the other hand, a neglected child’s results may have the opposite affect. It may be harder for them to excel in school if they do not have the positive reinforcement at home. Behavior, too, may have the same effects on a loved versus neglected child. It is important to maintain equality between children no matter the age because kids can pick up on this easier than a parent. Patience is another hey factor in being a good parent. It is not always pleasant when dealing with children, especially through the toddler stage. As a mother of four I have learned that my children respond better when I am calm and relaxed rather than mad and aggressive. Parents, too, must understand that they are the one’s shaping their child’s life. Children imitate what they see other’s do and if patience is not practiced in the household, there is a good possibility that the child will not be patient. I try to talk to my kids’ everyday to build a good relationship. Helping with homework, asking how there day was, and what they learned builds our parent-child relationship. The environment that surrounds children plays a major part in a child’s life. I feel that stability in the home can make or break you. There are several cases where kids do overcome obstacles in the home and become very successful in the future but for the most part stability makes it easier. Stability to me is not necessarily having both parents present or possession of a lot of money. A single mother or father who adequately provides the necessities for their family is considered stable in my opinion. Again, raising a child is one of the most difficult jobs a parent is responsible for. Its like an investment, it requires many deposits before you can see a profit. Having love, patience, and stability can help make a better parent as well as a better child.

Prostate Cancer Life Experiences Health And Social Care Essay

Each twelvemonth in the UK around 10, 150 dice from prostatic malignant neoplastic disease. Prostate malignant neoplastic disease decease rates peaked in the early 1990s and have since fallen by around 20 % . Variation in incidence rates around the universe and within states, suggests that hazard is affected by ethnicity. In the UK, black Caribbean and black African work forces have about two to three times the hazard of being diagnosed or deceasing from prostate malignant neoplastic disease than white work forces, while Asiatic work forces by and large have a lower hazard than the national norm. The purpose of this systematic reappraisal is to set up what is meant by prostate malignant neoplastic disease and the life experiences of patients with prostatic malignant neoplastic disease undergoing intervention. To accomplish these aims, with the aid of the PIO formatted inquiry, research surveies will be searched from different databases, from specialist diaries, cyberspace, and gray literature, in-touch with writers and from manus seeking. With the aid of two research workers with a 3rd individual to cover with confliction sentiments, informations will be extracted from the published surveies, which will be themed and differentiated with colour codifications. It will be analyzed consequently with the aid of standardised signifiers. From this reappraisal, nurses will understand what prostate malignant neoplastic disease agencies and they will happen it easier to cover with these patients when they are faced with this sort of state of affairs.Chapter ONE: Background1.1 Specifyin g equivocal footingsThe prostate is a secretory organ in a adult male ‘s generative system. It makes and shops seminal fluid, a milky fluid that nourishes sperm. This fluid is released to organize portion of seeds. The prostate is about the size of a walnut. It is located below the urinary vesica and in forepart of the rectum. It surrounds the upper portion of the urethra, the tubing that empties piss from the vesica. If the prostate grows excessively big, the flow of urine can be slowed or stopped. To work decently, the prostate needs male endocrines ( androgens ) . Male endocrines are responsible for male sex features. The chief male endocrine is testosterone, which is made chiefly by the testiss. Some male endocrines are produced in little sums by the adrenal secretory organs. Prostate malignant neoplastic disease is a malignant tumour that arises in the prostate secretory organ. As with any malignant neoplastic disease, if it is advanced or left untreated in early phases, it may finally distribute through the blood and lymph fluid to other variety meats. Prostate malignant neoplastic disease occurs about entirely in work forces over age 40 and most frequently after age 50. Two-thirdss of prostate malignant neoplastic diseases are found in work forces over age 65. By age 70, approximately 65 % of work forces have at least microscopic grounds of prostate malignant neoplastic diseases. Fortunately, the malignant neoplastic disease is normally really slow growth and older work forces with the malignant neoplastic disease typically die of something else. As they do for most malignant neoplastic diseases, physicians use the TNM system of prostate malignant neoplastic disease phases. The prostate malignant neoplastic disease phases are described utilizing three different facets of tumour growing and spread. It ‘s called the TNM system for tumour, nodes, and metastasis. T stands for tumour ; it describes the size of the chief country of prostate malignant neoplastic disease. N stands for nodes ; it describes whether prostate malignant neoplastic disease has spread to any lymph nodes and to what extent. M stands for metastasis ; it means distant spread of prostate malignant neoplastic disease, for illustration, to the castanetss or liver. There are other ways of sorting prostate malignant neoplastic disease, such as the Gleason system. Sometimes, the TNM system and Gleason mark are combined together to depict prostate malignant neoplastic disease phase. In phase I, prostate malignant neoplastic disease is found in the prostate mere ly. Phase I prostate malignant neoplastic disease is microscopic ; it ca n't be felt on a digital rectal test ( DRE ) , and it is n't seen on imagination of the prostate. In phase II, the tumour has grown inside the prostate but has n't extended beyond it. Stage III prostate malignant neoplastic disease has spread outside the prostate, but merely hardly. Prostate malignant neoplastic disease in phase III may affect nearby tissues, like the seminal cysts. In phase IV, the malignant neoplastic disease has spread ( metastasized ) outside the prostate to other tissues. Stage IV prostate malignant neoplastic disease normally spreads to lymph nodes, the castanetss, liver, or lungs. Accurately placing the prostate malignant neoplastic disease phase is highly of import. Prostate malignant neoplastic disease phase helps find the optimum intervention, every bit good as forecast. For this ground, it ‘s deserving traveling through extended testing to acquire the right prostate malignant neoplastic disease phase.1.2 Types of prostate malignant neoplastic diseaseThere are many types of prostate malignant neoplastic disease and the status is frequently present in many different parts of the prostate. The precursor to prostate malignant neoplastic disease is known as prostate intraepithelial neoplasia, this is besides found in many different locations within the prostate. Although there are many different sorts of prostate malignant neoplastic disease the huge bulk ( around 95 % ) are of the type known as glandular cancer. As this is the most broad spread from it has become synonymous with the term prostrate malignant neoplastic disease.AdenocarcinomaThe most commo n site of beginning of prostate malignant neoplastic disease is in the peripheral zone ( the chief glandular zone of the prostate ) . The term glandular cancer can be split up to deduce its significance. Adeno means ‘pertaining to a secretory organ ‘ , whilst Carcinoma relates to a malignant neoplastic disease that develops in epithelial cells. The term epithelial merely relates to cells that surround organic structure variety meats or secretory organs. aldara and basal cell carcinomaSmall cell carcinomaThis sort of malignant neoplastic disease is made up of little unit of ammunition cells, and typically signifiers at nervus cells. Small cell carcinoma is really aggressive in nature and as it does non take to an addition in prostatic specific antigens it can be slightly harder to observe than adenocarcinoma ; this normally means that it has reached an advanced signifier upon sensing.Squamous cell carcinomaThis is a non glandular malignant neoplastic disease, like little cell carcinoma there is no addition in prostatic specific antigens when this is present. Squamous cell carcinoma is really aggressive in nature. There are other, more rare, signifiers of prostate malignant neoplastic disease these include sarcomas and transitional cell carcinoma ; the latter seldom develops in the prostate but derives from primary tumours present in the vesica or urethra.1.3 Symptoms and experiencesSymptomsThere are no warning marks or symptoms of early prostate malignant neoplastic disease. Once a malignant tumour causes the prostate secretory organ to swell significantly, or one time malignant neoplastic disease spreads beyond the prostate, the following symptoms may be present: A frequent demand to urinate, particularly at dark. Trouble get downing or halting the urinary watercourse. A weak or interrupted urinary watercourse. A painful or firing esthesis during micturition or interjection. Blood in piss or seeds. Lower back hurting Pain with intestine motion These are non symptoms of the malignant neoplastic disease itself. Alternatively, they are the symptoms of the obstruction from the malignant neoplastic disease growing within the prostate and environing tissues. Symptoms of advanced prostate malignant neoplastic disease include: Dull, ceaseless deep hurting or stiffness in the pelvic girdle, lower back, ribs or upper thighs ; creaky hurting in the castanetss of those countries. Loss of weight and appetency, weariness, sickness, or emesis. Swelling of the lower appendagesExperiencesConfronting the world of malignant neoplastic disease diagnosing Taking an effectual portion in malignant neoplastic disease intervention Prolonging an optimistic spirit, prolonging physically, decreasing the impact of malignant neoplastic disease on others. The experiences of religious agony and the curative procedure among patient with prostatic malignant neoplastic disease.1.4 Gaps within literatureSystematic reappraisals aim to place, measure and sum up the findings of all relevant single surveies, thereby doing the available grounds more accessible to determination shapers ( Centre for Reviews and Dissemination, 2009, pv ) . In-order to acquire a concluding verification with this subject, a thorough hunt for any old reappraisals or any on-going reappraisals on this subject was searched from different resource centres. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews ( CDRS ) , which consists of the most dependable up-to-date systematic reappraisals, was searched as the first electronic database. Other resources such as nursing databases, specializer diaries the National research registry and Google bookman hunt was explored to see if any reappraisals, similar to this subject was in procedure or already commenced by any research worker.Chapter Two: AimSystematic reappraisals are sum-ups of all past research on a specific subject. Unlike the traditional attack to reexamining literature, systematic reappraisals utilise the same rules and asperity that is expected of primary research. As the name suggests, they are systematic in their attack and utilize methods that are pre-planned and documented in a systematic reappraisal protocol. The protocol fulfils the same function as a research proposal as each measure in the reappraisal procedure is to the full described ( The Joanna Briggs Institute for Evidence Based Nursing and Midwifery, 2001, An Introduction to Systematic Reviews Changing Practice Vol 2 Iss 1 ) . The systematic reappraisal on the other manus uses a really strict research methodological analysis to seek and restrict prejudice in all facets of the review- in this sense it is close to a primary research- such as a study, where the participants are non people but instead the documents included in the reappraisal. â€Å" Most significantly systematic reappraisals normally aim to reply a specific inquiry or trial a specific hypothesis, instead than merely summarizing â€Å" all there is to cognize † about a peculiar issue † ( Pettigrew and Roberts, 2006 ) or put another manner, â€Å" Systematic reappraisal represents the usage of a standardised indifferent method to synthesize informations from multiple primary surveies † .2.1 Developing a research inquiryAn effectual clinical inquiry for evidence-based nursing includes a concern that person else had studied, focuses on a concern that can be measured or described, and is a concern that is relevant to nursing ( Macnee and McCabe, 2008, p 6 ) . It helps to take the research worker in the way of right way, since the inquiry is based on a specific frame of constituents. These constituents include the population, intercession ( or exposures ) , and outcomes related to the job posed in the reappraisal ( Khalid et al 2009, p 9 ) .For this reappraisal, the PIO construction is used and this deciphers into the three fragments such as the population, issue and the result. The inquiry below is the devised one, after holding with the above considerations.â€Å" What are the life experiences of patient ‘s with prostatic malignant neoplastic disease undergoing intervention? †2.2 AimsTo understand the life experiences of patients with prostatic malignant neoplastic disease undergoing interventions. To do recommendations for nursing pattern in relation to acknowledging coverage and moving upon the study of prostatic malignant neoplastic disease patients.2.3 PlanThis reappraisal is planned to follow the five stairss mentioned below, guaranting the phases of EBN procedure: Develop a clear focussed inquiry to the country of personal involvement and will help to those in the line of work. With the aid of the disconnected inquiry, relevant literature will be searched in an effort to acquire an reply to the focussed inquiry. Critical assessment of the selected documents, to guarantee the quality of the surveies with the aid of checklists. Analyzing the documents in-depth, to come up with consequences and decisions which would act upon the up-to-date work in clinical scenes and a demand to alter for the improvement is let obvious. Finding the cogency and quality of this reappraisal through the taken findings, urging for farther researches and use the consequences within the profession.Chapter Three: CRITERIA FOR CONSIDERING STUDIES WITHIN REVIEWThe inquiry plays an of import function when it comes to seek for relevant documents. Using the formatted attack of the inquiry ; ‘who ‘ , when, what and where, will make a great trade to assist in the hunt for the best available grounds to acquire the reply to the inquiry ( Macnee and McCabe, 2008, p7 ) . Therefore, an inclusion and exclusion standards to the PIO structured inquiry was applied ; and principles provided for the divided classs.3.1 PopulationPatients with prostatic malignant neoplastic disease Based on the inquiry, patients who are diagnosed with prostatic malignant neoplastic disease were taken as the cardinal population group since this is the mark group which needs to be cared. Initially it was thought to unite grownups who are holding prostate malignant neoplastic disease. But on stab of scruples this age group to be smaller and since it is related to a really sensitive, so it was so decided to maintain fixed with patients merely. It will be besides considered to look into a specific prostate malignant neoplastic disease patient, but although sufficient researches were done on most of the common type of prostate malignant neoplastic disease, the aims of the reappraisal were difficult to be met. As a consequence, it was once more distinct to allow it be patients with prostatic malignant neoplastic disease. The same manner, sex differentiating would besides hold meant to do a narrow literature hunt so merely one sex is included in this survey. Merely male patients are included because the reappraisal is on prostate malignant neoplastic disease. No hunt restrictions will be made upon race, ethnicity or faith sine this reappraisal is typically based on the sensitive subject such as prostate malignant neoplastic disease. Premises can non be made sing an person ‘s perceptual experience in relation to cultural, faith and cultural backgrounds ( McSherry, 2006, p 911 ) . Apart from that, this reappraisal might supply to be a valuable penetration to the clinical scenes of those with specific faith and civilization sing prostate malignant neoplastic disease patients.3.2 IssueTreatments Most of the aims in this reappraisal depend on the interventions and patient ‘s perceptual experiences. Furthermore, it will be looking loosely into all countries where interventions are concerned.3.3 Outcome stepsExperiences Since the focal purpose of this reappraisal is to garner patients life experiences or perceptual experiences, these will be gathered largely from the interviews and questionnaires used in the surveies. The result is based chiefly upon the elements in the undermentioned tabular array. Experiences Percepts Adaptations3.4 Types of surveies includedQualitative survey designs are used in the reappraisal since it was taking to happen the life experiences of patients with prostatic malignant neoplastic disease. The common constituents of qualitative surveies such as grounded theory, phenomenology, descriptive anthropology and historical surveies will be included since this types look into the experient live of patients.3.5 Overview of exclusion standardsDepending on the research inquiry, the below mentioned classs are excluded from the hunt class. Childs Female Patients Disabled Patients Age & lt ; 30Quantitative surveiesChapter FOUR: Search SchemeThe literature will be searched in respect to the formed inquiry and the formatted divisions it consists to the footings population, issue and the results, including the specifically developed exclusion standards. Types of surveies which will be included were mentioned in the old chapter. The literature hunt will be searched in a systematical manner guaranting non to exclude any of import survey sing the subject. It will be done following measure by measure method as in Evidence Based Nursing ( EBN ) which is explained as it ‘s processed.4.1 Step one and two ( Development of research Question and placing cardinal words )This is the measure, where the research inquiry is developed. The research inquiry is so explicitly divided harmonizing to structured PIO format. The Question is: â€Å" What are the life experiences of patient ‘s with prostatic malignant neoplastic disease undergoing intervention? † The tabular array below shows the PIO format in which the inquiry was formatted: Phosphorus I Oxygen Patients with Prostate malignant neoplastic disease Treatments Life Experiences4.2 Making equivalent word for cardinal wordsThe above measure identified the cardinal words. Synonyms are made for the key footings, which will heighten the sensitiveness of the hunt increasing the ability to capture a big part of the relevant surveies ( Khalid et al, 2009, p 24 ) . It was difficult to happen the equivalent word related to the cardinal words. However, as mentioned by Khalid et Al ( 2009 ) , the mesh-like footings were easy to happen from the indexing of some relevant surveies ( largely found from the abstract ) , and with the aid of synonym finder of the computing machine. Below table demonstrates the equivalent word for the formatted inquiry. Population ( P ) Issue ( I ) Outcomes ( O ) Patients with prostatic malignant neoplastic disease Treatments Life Experiences Prostate carcinoma Treatments Adaptations Prostate tumor Treatments Percepts4.3 Step four, five and six ( uniting equivalent word with Boolean operators )The equivalent word made in the old tabular array is used to organize a grid, which will be combined to the footings ‘OR ‘ and ‘AND ‘ of the Boolean operators. The purpose of this symbols or wild cards will assist to acquire a wider hunt but within the needful class restricting the unwanted ( Littell et al, 2008 ) the word ‘OR ‘ would unite all the words and footings capturing a constituent of the inquiry giving a big commendation set for each constituent that was searched for ( Khalid et al, 2009, p 26 ) . Then this will be combined with the Boolean ‘AND ‘ to bring forth a set which contains commendations relevant to all the assorted constituents of the inquiry ( Khalid et al, 2009, p 26 ) . This procedure is demonstrated in the tabular array 4.31 below. Table 4.3.1 Combination of cardinal words with Boolean operators Search scheme and database hunt CINAHL Sequence 1 Population/ Patients Sequence 2 Intervention/ Issue Sequence 3 Results Boolean operators AND AND AND OR Prostate malignant neoplastic disease Treatments Experiences OR Patients with prostatic malignant neoplastic disease Treatments Life Experiences OR Prostate carcinoma Treatments Adaptations OR Prostate tumor Treatments Percepts These Boolean operators combined with the cardinal words, is of import to be run electronically with multi databases for a more comprehensive sum-up of the literature ( Littell et al, 2008, p 55 ) . However, the databases relevant for one subject might non be utile for another, since the pick of seeking a relevant database depends on the subject chosen. Therefore, the searching databases will be: Accumulative index to nursing and allied wellness literature ( CINAHL ) Medline Ovid EMBASE British Nursing Index Allied and Complementary Medicine ( AMED ) PsycINFO Apart from the databases, seeking for relevant documents will be done by reading the mention list, cyberspace searching, specialist diary, gray literature, manus searching and besides with in touch with the writers of some research documents merely to see the handiness of unpublished work.Chapter FIVE: Method OF REVIEWThis chapter consists of three subdivisions which would be clarified in item as it is being processed. The stairss include, choice of the documents, measuring of the documents and pull outing the relevant informations which is needed to reply the inquiry. Since research worker prejudice, deficiency of asperity and demand for appraised quality is frequently perplexing with the qualitative documents ( Dixon-woods, 2001, p 765 ) a 2nd research worker will be involved throughout these phases. Suppose if any dissensions or sentiment difference occur, a 3rd party will be included to increase the asperity of the reappraisal. Final determination will be done after coming to an understanding between the three research workers.5.1 Part one- procedure of choosing surveies for the inclusion within the reappraisalThe antecedently made inclusion and exclusion standards will be used as a pilot one and alterations will be made consequently once the existent choice is carried out. Concluding inclusion and exclusion will be done after scrutiny of the full book. However, the tabular array 5.1.2 shows the checklist signifier, which will be used in the choice procedure. Inclusion standards Exclusion standards Population Male patients Age & gt ; 30 Experiencing Prostate malignant neoplastic disease Female patients Disabled Patients Children Age & lt ; 30 Intervention Treatments Results Experiences Percepts Adaptations Type of surveies Qualitative research design Case surveies Review papers Quantitative studyTable 5.1.1Checklist signifier demoing the inclusion and exclusion standards During the first choice, merely the rubrics and abstracts of all articles retrieved from the hunt will be screened with the aid of the signifier. The tabular array below is the sample checklist which will be used as a showing during this phase. It will be ticked as ‘Yes ‘ , ‘No ‘ or ‘Unsure ‘ , after traveling through with each phase of the paper with the aid of the 2nd research worker to keep its asperity. Table 5.1.2 Checklist for the first choice of documents based on rubric and abstract only/Bibliographic inside informations of paper ( Abstract and rubric ) Abstract NO Paper 1 Paper 2 Paper 3 Paper 4 Paper 5 Paper 6 Paper 7 Paper 8 Paper 9 Paper 10 P= Patients with prostatic malignant neoplastic disease I= Treatments O= Life Experiences Qualitative survey Action Include/exclude? ACTION-Rationale: Y=Yes: Fits standards N=No: Does non suit the standards U=Unsure: Read paperMeasure twoAs in the first choice, the 2nd choice besides will utilize the same technique with the same checklist. However, as mentioned before a 3rd party will be involved if any uncertainness arises among the pickers, to guarantee a just choice heightening the cogency and quality of the documents. In this choice, the documents which had been filtered through the first choice will be more thoroughly read largely with the full text and restrictions will be done consequently with the checklist used as mentioned above with the aid of the research workers.5.2 Part two- Assessment of the methodological quality of the selected documentsAppraisal of survey quality gives an indicant of the strength of grounds provided by the reappraisal, inform the criterion required for the hereafter research, and reply the inquiry whether the surveies are robust plenty to steer intervention, diagnostic or policy determinations ( Centre for Reviews and Dissemination, 2009, p 33 ) . Although assorted tools are available for quality appraisal, the usage of McMaster ‘s qualitative model was thought to be the best. McMaster ‘s model assures to hold the cogency of the conducted research by giving a rational for each and every component of the survey with the needful accounts, therefore offering an efficient frame work for qualitative critical reappraisals ( Letts et al, 2007 ) . A clean transcript of the signifier is provided in the Appendix. This signifier will be used to mensurate the quality of the chosen documents and it will be used to review all the documents in this reappraisal. The quality of this reappraisal will be carried harmonizing to the elements to derive trustiness in qualitative research such as credibleness, transferability, dependableness, confirmability and as besides triangulation which is known to cover multiple beginnings to derive the cogency. These will be run in visible radiation to the McMaster ‘s model. Each component will be individually explored to set up the differences and similarities with in the documents. The advantage of utilizing McMaster ‘s model is, it consist the guidelines of how to make full up the signifier which is convenient and utile for a novice research worker. A clean transcript of the signifier is attached in Appendix.5.3 Part three- Data Extraction StrategyThe consequence of the reappraisal depen ds on the extraction of the information from the primary documents searched. This means taking the relevant information which will reply to the inquiry. This is considered to be an of import measure in methodological analysis, since it has to keep the accurateness of the information every bit good. The extracted informations will be involved with the PIO elements which would largely look out for the Outcomes of it. And this will be helped with the consistent informations extraction signifier which will guarantee to maintain up the cogency. For the intra and inter-rater dependability, the two research workers will be pull outing informations from the included surveies and cross checking of the informations included in the tests with a 3rd research worker at manus to work out the originating struggles between them. Harmonizing to the PIO formatted construction, apart from roll uping information on population and Issue, since the result is the changing portion, colour codifications will be given to each result as subjects. Subjects are differentiated harmonizing to given subheadings, which will assist to maintain the order and evade confusions. Table 5.3.1 shows the informations extraction signifier which will be used for the reappraisal. Table 5.3.1 Data extraction signifier Date of informations extraction- Reviewer- Bibliographic inside informations of study- Purpose of study- Population- Sample selection- Number- Age-mean- Ethnicity- Religious activity- Type of disease/ disease condition- Issue- prostate malignant neoplastic disease Outcomes- Patients perceptual experience on the effects of treatments- blue Patients experiences on the condition- pink Patients identified factors lending to prostate cancer- ruddy With the aid of the above mentioned signifiers, this reappraisal will be conducted in an indifferent method guaranting the trustiness of it.

Notes on Egypt’s history Essay

EGYPT TODAY Egypt started 5,000 years ago, and lasted for over 3,000 years, longer than most other civilizations in the world’s history. It lies between Africa and the Middle East. This ancient country holds a history of over 6,000 years. The Pyramids, the Sphinx, the tomb of young King Tut are just a few pyramids built to bury thre rich and the royal.. The majority of the population in Egypt lives in an area along the Nile River called the Nile Valley and the Nile Delta. As a result, many places in this region are extremely crowded, with several thousand persons per square kilometer. Egypt’s civilians today are mostly Ancient Egyptians, Arabs, Turks, and other peoples are blended in their ancestry. About half of the population of the Nile Delta are fellahin (pronounced fel-uh-heen), or peasants–either small landowners or laborers–living on the produce of the land. The average family of fellahin has four or five children, who start working as soon as they are able to do so. Most fellahin, especially the women, spend their lives in drudgery. The areas to the west and the east of the Nile River–the Western and the Eastern Deserts–only contain small settlements of semi-nomads–the Bedouins (pronounced bed-oo-in). They live by herding goats, sheep, and camels, or by trading–mainly with mining and petroleum camps, or with fishing communities on the coast. The Bedouins families are about the same size as the fellahin families, except that many Bedouin husbands have from two to four wives. THE HISTORY OF EGYPT GENERAL Egyptian history begins around 3300 BC. This was when the Egyptians finally had enough symbols in their writing to record history. From 3100 BC inscriptions created a way for later Egyptians. It was also the time when the pharaoh, King Menes, created Egypt by uniting the two parts of Egypt, also known as Upper and Lower Egypt, into a single kingdom. A series of strong and able rulers established a well organized government. The Sun God Re was the most loved god-figure at the time. Over time, authority began to disappear and Egypt was controlled by foreign princes. THE NILE No other civilization in the time of the pharaohs could compete with Egypt’s magnificent buildings, its wealth, or its long centuries of peace. To a large extent, this is because other civilizations did not have Egypt’s main advantage — its great river. For tens of thousands of years the focal point of Egyptian life has been the River Nile. Egypt is correctly said to be the gift of the Nile and Egypt’s two most important areas are the Delta and the Nile Valley. The Nile Delta is the heartland of Egypt. The ancient Egyptians believed that the waters of the Nile came from a â€Å"mysterious heaven of plenty†. All of Egypt depended on the Nile for water, food, and transportation. THE PHARAOH Pharaoh simply means â€Å"the one who lives in the palace†. Egyptians addressed their pharaoh as though he were a god with several forms. They thought he was more than human and addressed him with the names of several gods. The pharaoh’s most godlike names were â€Å"son of Re† and â€Å"giver of life like Re†. The Egyptians believed that no single name could express the greatness of their ruler. They also believed by serving the gods, the king helped the sun to rise every morning and helped the Nile to flood at the end of each summer. They believed that in return for the offerings of food and water that only the pharaoh could make, the gods would feed the souls of the Egyptians after death. The pharaoh’s power was almighty and unquestioned. As a matter of fact, just touching the pharaoh’s crown or scepter, even accidentally, carried the death penalty. The pharaoh’s chief duty was to build and maintain temples to the gods. PYRAMIDS AND STRUCTURES The buildings of Egypt that were mainly built 5,000 years ago were the pyrimids. All of them were built to contain the tombs of pharaohs. In the 27th century BC, the first pyramid was built and pyramids became the most  popular way to bury royalty. They were the earliest buildings ever to be made by precisely cutting and putting together great blocks of stone. In stonework, Egypt led the world for more than 2,000 years. PICTURES AND WORDS Important Egyptians were wealthy enough to build magnificent tombs and furnish them richly with treasures, inscriptions, paintings, and statues. Egyptians did not paint images to show what people were really like, instead, a picture was a kind of diagram. To preserve the magical power of their art, the Egyptians believed they must copy exactly the style handed down through the ages. This meant that most artists painted in the same way, and the people they painted all looked the same. Tomb pictures were closely connected with Egypt’s famous picture writing, or hieroglyphs, invented about 5,000 years ago.

Gibbs Nursing Model on Reflection The WritePass Journal

Gibbs Nursing Model on Reflection Introduction Gibbs Nursing Model on Reflection ). The Gibbs (1988) model of reflection suggests that the process of reflection is systematic and follows a number of specific steps in order to be successful. This model of reflection is a type of formal reflection, which draws on research and puts forward a theory as to how most effectively put into practice to process of reflection. The process can be broken down into six key steps: Description: this step explores the context of the event and covers fine details such as who was present at the event, where it happened and what happened. Feelings: this step encourages the reflector to explore their thoughts and feelings at the time of the event. Evaluation: this step encourages the nurse to make their own judgement about the event and to consider what went well and what went less well about the event. Analysis: this step delves even deeper into reflection on the event and encourages the nurse to break the event down into smaller episodes in order to facilitate analysis. Conclusions: this step explores the potential alternatives that may be used to deal with the situation that is being reflected upon. Action Plan: this is the final step in the reflection process. The action plan is put into place in order to deal more effectively with the situation if or when it may arise again. The Royal College of Nursing (2012) believes the Gibbs (1988) model of reflection to be particularly superior because emphasises the role of emotions and acknowledges their importance in the reflection process. Nursing can often be an emotionally charged career, especially for nurses working in areas such as psychiatric health and palliative care. Therefore, reflection on these emotions and exploration of how to manage them and improve management of them in the future is of particular importance in the nursing profession. Case Study Step One (Description) A young male patient aged 16 years came into the clinic around three days ago. He complained of low self-esteem and is feeling fed up and depressed because of pimples and spots on his face. The patient was worried that   Ã‚  girls would not be attracted to him because of the spots. The consultation took place with just myself present, no other nurses were in the room at the time of the appointment. The consultation lasted around half an hour, during which time myself and the patient discussed the history of his problems with his skin and the emotional distress that the spots were causing him. The patient disclosed that he had begun to get spots at around age 14 when he had started puberty and that it had begun to make him feel extremely self-conscious. The patient described the negative effect that the acne was having. For example, he has been bullied at school and is feeling apprehensive about starting sixth form in September because he believes that he will be the only sixth form er with spots. Based on the reasonably lengthy history of the acne, the presence of acne on the face and the negative emotional effect that the acne was having, a three month dosage of oxytetracycline was prescribed for the patient. Step Two (Feelings) During the consultation I had a number of feelings. Primarily I felt sympathy for the client because his situation reminded me of my own time as a teenager. I suffered from bad skin from the ages of 14 to about 20 and it severely affected my own self-esteem. In a review of the literature, Dunn, O’Neill and Feldman (2011) have found that patients suffering from acne are more at risk of depression and other psychological disorders. However, the review also found that acne treatment may lead to improvement of the psychological disorder that are so often co-morbid. This made me feel re-assured that prescribing oxytetracycline had been the right thing to do. My own experiences of acne also meant that I was able to relate well to the patient. I also felt some anger during the consultation. This anger was directed at the patient’s peers who had been cruel enough to taunt and tease the patient because of his acne. I also felt regret and guilt. I regretted not referring the pati ent onwards for emotional support and for not exploring the psychological impact of the acne in more detail. I also felt a sense of pride that this young man had the courage to come to the clinic by himself to seek help for his acne. I remembered how upsetting acne was as a teenager and I remembered that I would have been too embarrassed to have ever gone to a clinic or to have sought help from an adult. In turn, I also felt happiness. I felt happy that this young man had come to the clinic and I felt happy that I was able to help him. Step Three (Evaluation) On evaluation, the event was good in a number of ways. Firstly it added to my experience of dealing with young people and in dealing with the problems that are unique to this population of patients. I have not had many young patients during my nursing career and I welcome the opportunity to gain experience with this group. Furthermore, it re-affirmed my career choice as a nurse. During your career you always have doubts as to whether you have chosen the correct path. However, there are points in your career when you feel sure that you have made the right choice. However, there were also some negative elements. Firstly, the appointment was quite short and I am worried that this may have made the patient feel rushed and uncomfortable. After the consultation I did some research into the effects of acne in young people. Purvis et al. (2006) have found that young people with acne are at an increased risk of suicide and that attention must be paid to their mental health. In particular, the authors found that directly asking about suicidal thoughts should be encouraged during consultations with young people. This information only served to make me feel more anxious and I wished that I had bought this up with the patient. Step Four (Analysis) On reflection, being able to relate to the patient increased my ability to deal more effectively with the situation. I feel that the patient was able to open up more to me because he sensed my sympathy for him and his situation. Randall and Hill (2012) interviewed children aged between 11 and 14 years about what makes a ‘good’ nurse. It was found that the ability to connect to them was extremely important and so I think this is why the patient felt comfortable opening up to me. On reflection, I am also now convinced that the patient coming to see me was a very positive event. The patient could have chosen to go on suffering and could have chosen not to open up and talk about the problems his acne was causing. In a review of the literature, Gulliver, Griffiths and Christensen (2010) found that young people perceived embarrassment and stigma as barriers to accessing healthcare. Therefore, it could have been very easy for the patient to have avoided coming and seeking help. I felt a range of both positive and negative emotions during the consultation, and I think this re-affirmed for me that I enjoy nursing and enjoy helping others. It is important to genuinely care about patients and to provide them with the best care possible. This would be hard to do if you did not feel empathy for patients. The experience also helped me realise that I need to actively search out training and learning opportunities regarding working with young people with mental health issues. Step Five (Conclusion) If the same situation was to arise again I think that I would approach it in a slightly different way. In particular, I would have offered to refer the patient to further support services. During the consultation the patient mentioned that he felt that the spots on his face made him unattractive to the opposite sex. In addition to providing medication to get to the biological and physiological roots of the problem, on reflection I think it would have been beneficial to the patient to have provided information about charities that offer self-esteem and confidence building. Such charities that offer these services include Young Minds (youngminds.org.uk/) and Mind (mind.org.uk/). In retrospect, I also believe that I should have given the patient a longer consultation time in order for us to have explored the psychological impact of his acne in more detail. Coyne (2008) has found that young people are rarely involved in the decision-making process when it comes to their consultations. Th erefore, giving the patient more time to discuss his problems may have improved his sense of wellbeing as he felt more involved in his care process. Step Six (Action Plan) There are a number of elements to my action plan. Firstly, I will make sure that in the future the consultation room has leaflets and information pertaining to mental health problems in young people. This way, young people can access the information if they perhaps feel too embarrassed to talk about it. Hayter (2005) has found that young people accessing health clinics put a high value on a non-judgemental approach by health staff. Therefore, in future I would be sure to be aware of my attitude and make sure that either subconsciously or consciously; I am not making any judgements about the patient. Hayter (2005) also found that young people had serious concerns regarding confidentiality, especially during busy times at the clinic. Therefore, in the future I would be certain to reassure young people that their details and consultations are kept completely confidential. To re-assure young patients, I may ask them to sign a confidentiality form, which I will also sign in front of them. Furthermore, my action plan will include improving my knowledge and awareness of working with young people as a nursing professional. This will allow me to increase the tools and skills I have for dealing with young people with complex needs. During the consultation I felt anger toward the patient’s peers who had teased him. In the future, I will focus on being more objective when dealing with a patient who has been the victim of bullying. References Coyne, I. (2008) Children’s participation in consultations and decision-making at health service level: A review of the literature. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 45(11), pp. 1682-1689. Dunn, L.K., O’Neill, J.L. and Feldman, S.R. (2011) Acne in adolescents: Quality of life, self-esteem, mood and psychological disorders. Dermatology Online Journal, 17(1). Available at: http://escholarship.org/uc/item/4hp8n68p [Accessed 20 October 2013]. Gibbs, G. (1988) Learning by Doing: A guide to teaching and learning methods. Oxford: Further Education Unit. Gulliver, A., Griffiths, K.M. and Christensen, H. (2010) Perceived barriers and facilitators to mental health help-seeking in young people: a systematic review. BMC Psychiatry, 10(1), pp. 113. Hayter, M. (2005) Reaching marginalised young people through sexual health nursing outreach clinics: Evaluating service use and the views of service users. Public Health Nursing, 22(4), pp. 339-346. Paget, T. (2001) Reflective practice and clinical outcomes: practitioner’s views on how reflective practice has influenced their clinical practice. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 10(2), pp. 204-214. Purvis, D., Robinson, E., Merry, S. and Watson, P. (2006) Acne, anxiety, depression and suicide in teenagers: A cross-sectional survey of New Zealand secondary school. Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health, 42(12), pp. 793-796. Randall, D. and Hill, A. (2012) Consulting children and young people on what makes a good nurse. Nursing Children and Young People, 24(3), pp. 14. Royal College of Nursing (2012) An exploration of the challenges of maintaining basic human rights in practice. London: Royal College of Nursing.

80 Interesting Questions to Ask People in Any Situation

80 Interesting Questions to Ask People in Any Situation SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Have you been out at a happy hour with co-workers lately and had to answer the same mundane questions about that project you’re all working on? What about stuck at a dinner at a family reunion, asking your aunt for the tenth time about her college days? Or on a first date, powering through the typical first date questions - â€Å"Where’d you go to college?† â€Å"What do you do for a living?† If you’ve answered yes to any of the above questions, you know how frustrating and boring it can be to ask and answer the same questions over and over again. There’s nothing worse than having a boring, stifling conversation†¦ just as there’s nothing better than truly getting to know someone and learning something unique about them. In this article, I’ll help you revamp your small talk by giving you the 80 most interesting questions to ask people everywhere from a first date to a happy hour with coworkers. The 20 Best Questions to Ask on a First Date Ahh, first dates! Nothing can make or break a first date like conversation. These 20 funny questions to ask people will open up the channels of communication between you and your date and ensure that, however the date goes, it’ll certainly be memorable. Who inspires you? Who do you aspire to be like? Shark diving, bungee jumping, or skydiving? What’s your favorite cheesy pick-up line? Have you ever used it in real life? What’s your favorite Disney movie? What is the weirdest scar you have and how did you get it? Where did you and your best friend meet? Which of your accomplishments are you most proud of? What’s the weirdest Wikipedia rabbit hole you’ve stumbled down? Tell me about the best vacation you’ve ever taken. What’s your favorite physical attribute about yourself? Friday night- would you rather stay in or go out? Do you believe in ghosts? What piece of art (book, music, movie, etc.) most influenced the person you are today? Which would be harder for you to give up: coffee or alcohol? What’s the single best piece of advice you ever received? Who’s your best friend, and what do you love about him or her? What’s the greatest risk you’ve ever taken? If you had 24 hours to do whatever you wanted in this city, what would you do? What do you like about where you work? What hobby have you always wanted to develop? The 20 Best Questions to Ask Friends You've Known Forever We all have those friends we’ve known forever. You know, the ones that you make boxed macaroni and cheese with on Saturday nights for a Netflix binge. Even with those friends that we most love, conversations can get dull and repetitive. Here are some good questions to ask people for spicing up your conversations and getting to know your besties even better. Which house would you belong to in Hogwarts? What emotion do you experience the most? What was your first impression of me? If you were forced to open a bar, what would you name it? Would you rather be stuck in traffic for three hours, or never get Chipotle again? If you and I were to go to jail, what would it be for? If you could learn the date and time of your death, would you? What’s the most embarrassing thing you’ve ever done? Have you ever shoplifted? If yes, what did you take? What are the three things you would bring with you to a deserted island? What is one childhood superstition or fear you’ve never told anyone? What secret obsession do you have that I don’t know? If you could do anything for the rest of your life, what would it be? What makes you feel super loved? What do you lie most about? What's the silliest thing that you've ever gotten upset about? If you had to spend $10,000 today, how would you spend it? What’s your favorite viral video? Who’s your least favorite celebrity? If you could re-do one day in your life, what would it be and why? The 20 Best Questions to Get to Know Your Family Better Have you ever taken the time to really get to know your parents? What about your grandparents? Aunts, uncles, cousins? I’m talking beyond their little pet peeves about putting the dishes away or folding your laundry. Consider asking your family members these questions about the next family get together. You’ll be surprised what you might learn. Did you have a nickname when you were growing up? If so, what was it and where did it come from? Where was your first home? Were you named after anyone? What were your earliest memories of your home? What was your favorite bedtime story as a kid? What was your high school experience like? What clothing fads did you love as a kid? Did you like school? Did you and your friends like to hang out anywhere special as a teenager? Do you remember your first date? Describe your wedding ceremony. What was an unusual thing your children did when they were very small? What historical moment stands out most in your memory? What did you find most difficult about growing up? Were your parents strict or lenient? Do you remember your grandparents or great-grandparents? What were they like? Have you ever been in a serious accident? Name a good friend you’ve known the longest. How many years have you been friends? If you could change one thing about your life, what would it be? If you had the opportunity to erase the last ___ years of your life and go back to age 18, would you do it? Why or why not? The 20 Best Questions to Ask Your Co-Workers Work. You spend hours there every week. But how well do you really know the people you’re there with every day? Fostering strong relationships with your co-workers is a great way to make your work experience more enjoyable. Try these funny questions to ask people the next time you’re gathered around the water cooler on break. What movie or book character do you most identify with? When are you happiest? What more are you wanting from your career right now? If you were to start a company from scratch, what would be its core values? What stresses you out the most at work? What would a perfect day look like for you? How would you spend a million dollars? If you could choose to remain an age forever, what age would you choose? What’s your favorite sport to watch? What was your most recent Netflix binge? What was the best thing that happened to you last weekend? If you could live anywhere in the world, where would it be? What’s the one skill you think everyone should have? Do you consider yourself artistic? Who was your most influential schoolteacher and why? What music would you recommend for me to listen to while I work? What would be the title of your autobiography? Do you have a favorite season? What’s the fanciest event you’ve ever been to? If you could go back to one historical event to witness it, what would it be and why? The Bottom Line: Questions to Ask People to Get to Know Them Conversations don’t have to be rote and boring! Use these 80 questions to spice up your next first date or family dinner. Use conversation as a way to better get to know the people in your life†¦and don’t forget to share about yourself, too!

Time Management Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Time Management - Research Paper Example It is important to define what essentially time management is. It is the basis of properly allocating time dimensions to a particular activity so that all the tasks and activities that need to be completed by this individual are done within a stipulated time period. If the activities are not done within this allotted time, it would mean that there have been serious transgressions within this field and hence the overall time has been compromised upon. The people who are unable to manage time feel that they are a victim of their own doing as they blame themselves for the lack of adherence to time domains. But then again, there are people who are always punctual and believe earnestly within the reigns of time management. What is needed here is a balance between managing time activities and letting go of the issues which plague the timely completion of activities, tasks and actions (Haynes, 2009). This balance can only come about when people realize that their actions are being kept a ch eck upon, if not by somebody else then their own selves as well. However, it becomes quite a hectic job to track each and every move that human beings undertake, and hence is a good idea to stick to the avenues of time management as much as possible. This makes things easier as far as the future undertakings of life, career and other fields are related. Some of the most significant principles within time management is to make sure that the priorities are broken up into different zones.

Dealing with Different Generations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Dealing with Different Generations - Essay Example These two generations grew up in different social, political and technological times, which have shaped to a large extent the way they view the society, for instance generation X grew at the height of cold war, assassination of john F Kennedy, the AIDs pandemic among other events that were happening within that period. Generation Y grew in the era of increased technological advancements such as internet, mobile phones, Smart phones and laptops among other event. This paper will look at how a student from the X generation will handle a second career, a generation Y who is transitioning from a career as a paramedic. A Millennial student who is starting a bachelor of nursing career as an 18 year old and a student who has taken English as a second language entering an associate degree in nursing program. Generation X second career Generation X grew up in a time when the job security of their parents was not guaranteed, most of this generation’s parent were retrenched from their wo rk therefore this generation reduced the loyalty that their parents had towards their employees and instead they became more loyal to the teams they work with and their jobs (Wallace, Tolley-Stokes & Estep, 2011). In this generation, there is no career ladder and they change their jobs more easily depending on who gives them the best offer. When an individual from this generation decides to change a career, their characteristic as being very flexible in their careers helps them in addition to their education levels as this generation is perceived to be very educated as compared to the previous generations. Since individuals from this generation dislike institutions and rules, they are more likely to change their careers towards a work environment that does not have strict rules or bureaucracy. The kind of job environment that these individuals are likely to change to will be more likely where the employer communicates the intended objective or the goal that needs to be achieved then leave them to find and device their own ways of achieving the objective. Since this generation was not born in the era of technological advancements, they are not likely to change their career towards a more technology intensive career as they do not have enough skills in the field. Generational Y transitioning to paramedic Some of the characteristics that are inherent in members of this generation include that they are techno savvy, they like feeling appreciated, they are ambitious and are team players. In teaching student from this generation as they join a career in paramedic, a lot of mentoring should be involved since in they are new to the working environment, this is irrespective of whether the individuals are performing well in school or not. Personal attention when teaching these students will produce excellent results, as they are very responsive to the personal attention however since they work best as a team, a lot of training activities should involve team activities ( Erickson, 2008). This group of individual should be trained in a structured environment where the learning process is broken in to steps and technology intensive methods of learning should be emphasized. Millennial student as a BSN at 18 years Millenials at the age of